Investigation of Industry Structure an Equine †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Investigation of Industry Structure an Equine. Answer: Introduction: The thoroughbred racing gained its roots from the British monarchy. However, today, it is now classified as an equestrian sport that has become a multinational industry with betting as the central aspect. Production of New Zealand Thoroughbred Racing (NZTR) follows a number of regulations. For example, before any progreny becomes registered, the control of NZTR must verify the mare. NZ divided broodmares into two sections: the studbook and the non-studbook. The former refers to horses that have verified pedigree and correct documentation. While the latter refers to several horses that originated from studbook and have partial or no pedigree papers. NZ also applies non-studbook sections for mares facing challenges to register as studbook because following errors in administration. Additionally, in case NZ uses natural service, then the owner of a stallion must fill the service certificate. From here, the station owner, NZTR, and the mare owner all remain with copies of service certificates. The foal is branded upon reaching 3-4 months. This also allows a vet to conduct micro chipping and testing of DNA. A copy of the form from this activity is then send with the DNA sample from every foal to Massey University. At this stage of production, NZRT will then issue foal identification papers to either the owner or breeder of pedigree upon verification of DNA testing. Production of Thoroughbred in NZ also involves racing registration and regulation of day races. For example, before entering a horse in any race trial, NZRT must verify the owner of a horse. However, at this stage, there is no need to name the horse in order to start training. Besides, many of the owners must wait in order to see whether their horses already have sufficient merits for them to be considered. This implies that any unnamed horse can only run among non-qualifying race trials. Nonetheless, Matheson Akoorie (2012) argue that NZRT has the responsibility of naming and verifying the person that owns the horse before qualification of a trial race. Besides, NZRT does not just allow anyone to own a racehorse but that this can only occur under exceptional circumstances. Another step of production involves the nomination of a horse. Local structures of the racing clubs cause some differences in nomination methods around the country. Similar to the verification role, NZRT also has a responsibility of ensuring that it nominates all racehorses. However, Matheson Akoorie (2012) points out that it has now become common for larger groups and clubs to accept and forward their nominations to NZRT. The handicap rating allows a trainer to nominate a horse. The organization of races can only follow a maximum rating. Some ratings includes 70 rated race that obtains 70 to 50 ratings. Such a rating also obtains a top-weight as the highest rating. After this, NZRT will now have the mandate of publishing the fields on its website. The above stage allows either a trainer or the owner to accept the weight. Consequently, the owner will have 48 hours after notification of NZRT following the acceptance, to nominate a jockey for the horse. Of course, failure to follow this directive would see the owner patting with a hefty fine. New Zealand started to import thoroughbred breeds of horses from Australia in the early years of 1840s. For example, the first breed to be imported was TB stallion. Other breeds to be imported also included mares from NSW, and Wellington that has contributed to further development of NZ TB breeding. Other horses produced by NZ include mare, more horses (New Zealand Performance Horses, 2017). Currently, the country has more than 70 commercial stud farms and other hundreds of operations for breeding of private horses. New Zealand SportHorse (2017) recounts that currently; the NZ industry has succeeded to record the highest number of TB since 1990s. The production now includes commercial studs and international shuttle stallions. Other breeds include domestic-based sires such as Zabeel, SIR Tristram, and Star Way. While on the other hand, Germany has been considered the most successful in production, training, and competition of riding horses. Unlike NZ that started to import its breeds from Australia and UK, Germany started to produce state stallion stations as private breeders. However, similar to NZ, Germany also produces thoroughbreds and standardbred (German Horse Industry Consulting, 2014). However, Germany produces a small scale than NZ. The second largest group consists of pony broodmares after Warmblood horses. NZ and Germany follows a different production cycle for thoroughbred horses when it comes to breeding. In the case of NZ, the first stage involves the mating of sire and dam that comes following the oestrus cycle (Module, 8). The hormone controls each stage of the cycle. The second stage involves the foals burn. Upon the formation of weanling, the management can do either the yearlings or yearling-sale. The former involves the buying of horses by the bloodstock prospective owners, trainers, or agents for the purposes of exporting to other external markets. The export can be for the purposes of future breeding or for the racing stock. Furthermore, New Zealand SportHorse (2017) points out that immature horses or foals that have been born late, cannot be presented to auctioning. The production process only allows keeping until they reach 18 months in order to be sold off through private sale. Besides, they can as well be sold off as ready-to-run sales. NZ also allows buying of weanling from private breeders to be sold as yearlings. After they are bought, management can keep, they or they can as well be used for the breeding prospects before they reach the action period. The completion of the production cycle comes to completion through the breaking of the pre-training period, race-training that takes place in a period of 2, 3, and 4 years. The above production cycle is somewhat different from what German considers as four stages of producing stallions. The final cycle of production covers the mares. For example, production cycle for stallions goes through the breeding program that requires adherence of all associations. The New Zealand Thoroughbred Racing (NZRT) is the commission with the mandate to regulate and manage New Zealand racing industry. It has a responsibility of setting regulations that guides the operation of standard-bred industry. Unlike the German system, the NZRT considers regulations at two levels; registration process for production and the racing of thoroughbred processes. The first stage involves verification of a mare for any registration. The two sections for such registration includes the studbook and the non-studbook. Verification also involves testing of DNA. This allows NZRT to issue a certificate of ownership to either the breeder or the owner. While on the other hand, the German Equestrian Federation (FN) is a body in German whose mandate is to coordinate all activities of varying regional breed association. Currently, it is the largest body across the world with more than 750,000 members (Equestrian Federation, 2014). The first regulation involves the breeding programs for all stallions. All regional associations are required to adhere to this step. Two mandatory stages defines the selection protocols. Stage 1 involves classifying the conformation of foals while when still with the dam. The second stage takes into consideration of classifying one-year-old. Stage three demands that owners gain a license for their 3-years old. They can do this at any of the five licensing stations. Besides, this can only occur after the owner has subjected a young horse to some basic training under a saddle for a period of at least 100 days. All five stations have standardized conditions. Stage 4 involves regulations of performance of stall ion while in competition. Both NZ and German also have regulations concerning competition of racing horses. In the case of NZ, the NZRT requires that the ownership of a horse attain verification before participating in any trial or a race. Besides, the law does not require the owner to name the horse to start race training management. Besides, any unnamed horse can participate in non-qualifying race trials. It is only qualifying the trial races that call for participation by a named horse. Rules also guide that horse trainers can be either owner-trainer, permit to train or licensed trainer. Furthermore, NZRT provides a direct nomination of any horse before starting a race. NZRT is the only body that recognizes stewards and clerks to oversee the running of races. They also have a mandate of identifying horses whether they meet requirements. Similarly, FN from Germany requires that a rider of a horse obtain license before entry in any race. A rider ensures that a horse has passed the basic skill test in theory, jumping, and dressage. However, FN exclude beginner from having a license. Besides, FN has come up with regulations that affect young and adult riders. For example, young riders must go through small tests, rider classes, national, regional championships before joining membership. A Germany system clearly indicates the progression of an individual to a higher level of competition. References Equestrian Federation (2014). Equestrian sports and breeding in Germany. [Online] from https://www.euroequestrian.eu/files/2/11/Horse_Sports_and_Breeding_Juli_2014.pdf (FN), Accessed on September 27, 2017 German Horse Industry Consulting (2014). GHI the Equestrian Network. [Online] from https://www.ghi-consulting.com/. Accessed on September 27, 2017 New Zealand Performance Horses (2017). World-class sport horses bred and produced in New Zealand. [Online] from https://www.nzph.co.nz/. Accessed on September 27, 2017 Matheson, A., Akoorie, E.M. (2012). Economic impact report on the New Zealand Horse sport industry. [Online] from https://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10289/6937/Economic%20Impact%20Report%20on%20the%20New%20Zealand%20Sport%20Horse%20Industry%20%202012.pdf?sequence=1. Module 8 9 (2017). Industry structure. New Zealand SportHorse (2017). Equine industry in NZ. [Online] from https://sporthorse.nz/Equine-Industry-in-NZ. Accessed on September 27, 2017