How Slavery Affected the New World

How Slavery Affected the New World Amanda Maldonado 9/11/2012 Unit 1: Essay When we think of slavery we cannot help to think of mistreated people. Slaves are responsible for making the New World succeed in the enlightenment of civilization, and the production of wealth. Without slave labor economy would not be working today. Slavery teaches us that after suffering there comes reward. At the same time however, slavery is the definition of anguish and torment. The separation of loved ones to service a stranger is erroneous.Slave labor feeds the master’s family, but distresses the laborer’s family. Slavery brings us new traditions and diversity to the New World. In her book, The Origins of American Slavery, Betty Wood explains her point of view of how slavery came to be and I will be referring to her book. Slave labor is a topic that is very important, because slaves are used to serve others, without being paid. They are used as objects and treated as so. The owner has pow er over the slave’s life, and liberty, â€Å"†¦loss of humanity; that the slave was no longer a person, a man or a woman, but an animal. (Origins10) Slaves are treated this way, even though they harvest the corn we eat. The clothes that the master wears are made by the slave, and with cotton that the slave picked. The land that is being used to harvest by the English, and the Europeans, belongs to the Native slaves, and yet they are being disconnected from their own rightful property. The foreigners are taking advantage of the people, to make themselves wealthy. They are greedy and want all the riches for themselves and no one else. The Europeans and the English fight over land, however that land belongs neither.They came and took over without the permission of the people who were there first. The slaves are moving economy forward, because their labor produces money. Money goes into the economy, and there is the start to a strong New World. Agriculture and trading make it easy for people to live in the New World, and persuades people to come. This also persuades slaves, because they believe that someday they will be free and also gain wealth. The slaves bring new customs to the New World. They bring new ways of cooking, strategies to grow crops, and they bring ideas to the Europeans and English.However the English and the Europeans believe that they are descents of Ham a sinner that is punished with servitude. The slaves are put to work because they are believed to be servants of servants. The appearance of the Africans and their culture comes off as different to the Europeans, and English. However slaves are human beings, whether or not they are said to be descendents of Ham. The first slaves are the Native Americans according to Betty Wood. The reason is because the Natives are already here when the English and the Europeans come.The Natives are lured into slavery, because when the Europeans come, they come with smiles. Not knowing, the Natives get taken advantage of. The Europeans want everything that the Natives have. The Natives eventually become slaves. However, the Europeans bring diseases, and wipe out many of the Natives. It is not only Africans and Natives that are slaves though. Some English and some Europeans are put to work as well, but a conclusion is drawn, that white skin is too weak for labor outside. So that is when they bring the Africans.The Africans also die of diseases, but become immune eventually. Their skin is not weak, and they are known to be the best slaves to have. The Europeans and the English want to civilize the African slaves, because they feel that the way they dress and their lack of intelligence is shocking. However, each culture is different, and it is unfair to change their culture, because changing their culture changes their tradition. And, tradition is not tradition if it is changed. The irony of this is the fact that Africans are traded by their own people in Africa.They are traded t o the Europeans for gold and other objects. They tear these families apart just to be self-centered and greedy. All these things, and yet the slaves keep going. Some try to escape, and get away, but others find death or punishment. Life as a slave is a terrible experience, and only they know what it really feels like to be one. All we can do is read about them and feel appalled and impotent. The Europeans and the English gain power by being leeches. They suck out all the power from the slaves, while they live the life of kings and queens. Luckily, this comes to n end eventually; it only took more than two-hundred years. But, today we are free, because they fight for our freedom. Slavery built the nation that we are today. They are responsible for our freedom and for the nation we are today. At the time they did not know it, but thanks to them today we can be free without chains. We can live life peacefully, and independently. We can walk outside and breathe fresh air without being a fraid. Slavery brought traditions, customs, and most of all diversity. We do not have to worry about being separated from our families.And, most of all we do not have to be afraid. The New World is made of immigrants. Whether brought by force or by choice, this country we are today is made of people from different countries. We made the New World, but we owe most of it to the slaves. They are the ones who work hard and experience torment so that today we can be free. Slaves make the New World succeed, economically and culturally. We are now equal to each other, no more anguish. Work Cited Wood, Betty. The Origins of American Slavery: Freedom and Bondage in the English Colonies. New York: Hill and Wang, 1998. Print.

Integration Review Essay

l. Abstract. After listing author, publisher, and date summarize what you have read as if you were the author boiling down the book into 500-750 tight words. Prove that you comprehend the readings by writing a no nonsense summary. The abstract is not a commentary or listing of topics, but rather a gut-deep insightful `precis` of the longer more elaborate book. Abstract equals boil down David Entwistle, Wipf & Stock Publishers, August 2004. Perhaps one of the widely used reference-textbooks in undergraduate and graduate levels throughout the United States, the Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity tackles hard questions that plague many Christians and Mental Health Practitioners concerning the role of Psychology in today’s modern and largely Un-Christian world. The book presupposes on what Science and Christianity have in common. Eliminating the arguments on either side to a unified whole and working on it with the eyes of a surgeon, the logic of a philosopher-lawyer, the questioning stance of a scientist, and the heart beliefs of a Christian psychologist, Dr. Entwistle succinctly and ably placed almost all the puzzles in place regarding what is usually regarded as equally competing views on humanity. There is a need for integration; not only for its theoretical applicability but also for its practical usefulness. One of the premises that cannot be argued away at the outset is that the Bible is the only authoritative source for faith and practice. Here, both Christianity, for which it must, and psychology at the basic level must agree. Mainstream psychology or science generally, as we know, does not know that, much more recognize the Bible as authority or as absolute standard. This premise is true for all instances, and the author carefully was able to establish this in his treatise. No doubt as to his grasp of the doctrines contained in the Scriptures that are sufficient to life and its sustenance. Starting with differentiating that which is wholly a biblical worldview and vigilantly avoiding the â€Å"roadblocks† that the readers might mistake as something else other than the essentials of Christian beliefs, the author nudges in graduated measures to a clearer understanding of where he intends his reader to reach: which is the integration of these two distinct paradigms. For the author, looking at psychology and/or human behavior and its complexities as a faithful Christian, human individuals are understood as well as coined by different terminologies other than their biblical counterparts. To arrive to a common understanding of the fundamentals of Christianity and to relate that to social science is not an impossible task at all despite the â€Å"wide chasm† that had been erected by certain schools of thoughts coming from either side. Presuppositions or philosophical conceptualizations are the pillars of any worldview, and to successfully establish a new one requires that changes or reinforcements be made at this plane. The integrative approaches were framed at this level so as to remove mental oppositions as they arise every time in one’s thoughts. When this is not adequately laid down, no audience can align their thoughts or understanding with what the author (i. e. , David Entwistle) tries to convey. According to the author, social science and the basic principles of the Bible do not antagonize scientific findings, in most occasions. They do not come in conflict with each other in most of the ideals. For instance, the psyche or soul and its make up; rather science in a way confirms (as if it needs confirmation) what the Bible long declares. The issue then is not accepting a secular psychology nor accepting a liberal theology; rather it is the accepting of psychology as a discipline science. Narrowing it down, psychology simply tries to study the human mind and how it functions. The Christian mind is the focus of most of the New Testament doctrine and principles. Its sanctification and renewal is one of Christianity’s lifelong primary objectives; and it is definitely God’s objectives as well as declared clearly in the Scriptures. It is His will for the people’s lives to have their minds changed or renewed. In this standpoint, science very well is able to relate its findings with how the mind works and how man relates these workings in his milieu and/or community. Dr. Entwistle puts aside every seemingly combatant view against psychology in general, and against seemingly narrow Christianity as well; so as to remove doubts to the a feasible and possible integration of psychology and Christianity. Declaring pitfalls of immature faith and pop psychology which respectively, easily captivate enthusiasts and followers alike, the approaches that the author actually took was to set aside what competing worldviews were there and faithfully move to abide to the demands of the Scriptures at the same time embracing the plausible scientific evidences that are emerging in psychology and examining these in the light of a complete revelation of the message of the Scriptures.

Blood Analysis

Blood is a fluid substance that circulates in the arteries and veins of the body. Blood is bright red or scarlet when it has been oxygenated in the lungs and passes into the arteries; it becomes bluish red when it has given up its oxygen to nourish the tissues of the body and is returning to the lungs through the veins and the tiny vessels called capillaries. In the lungs, the blood gives up the carbon dioxide wastes it has taken from the tissues, receives a new supply of oxygen, and begins a new cycle. This movement of blood is brought about by the coordinate activity of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels. Plagiarism Detection >Blood is composed of a yellowish fluid, called plasma, in which are suspended the millions of cells that constitute about 45 percent by volume of whole blood. It has a characteristic odor and a specific gravity between 1.056 and 1.066. In an average healthy adult, the volume of blood is one-eleventh of the body weight, or between 4.5 and 6 liters (5 and 6 qt ). A great portion of the plasma is composed of water, a medium that facilitates the circulation of the many indispensable factors of which blood is composed. A cubic millimeter of human blood contains about 5 million red corpuscles called erythrocytes; 5000 to 10,000 white corpuscles called leukocytes; and 200,000 to 300,000 platelets called thrombocytes. The blood also carries many salts and organic substances in solution.Blood type, in medicine, classification of red blood cells by the presence of specific substances on their surface. Typing of red blood cells is a prerequisite for blood transfusion. In the early part of the 20th century, physicians discovered that blood transfusions often failed because the blood type of the recipient was not compatible with that of the donor. In 1901 the Austrian pathologist Karl Landsteiner classified blood types and discovered that they were transmitted by Mendelian heredity .The four blood types are known as A, B, AB, and O. Blood type A con tains red blood cells that have a substance A on their surface. This type of blood also contains an antibody directed against substance B, found on the red cells of persons with blood type B. Type B blood contains the reverse combination. Serum of blood type AB contains neither antibody, but red cells in this type of blood contain both A and B substances. In type O blood, neither substance is present on the red cells, but the individual is capable of forming antibodies directed against red cells containing substance A or B. If blood type A is transfused into a person with B type blood, anti-A antibodies in the recipient will destroy the transfused A red cells. Because O type blood has neither substance on its red cells, it can be given successfully to almost any person. Persons with blood type AB have no antibodies and can receive any of the four types of blood; thus blood types O and AB are called universal donors and universal recipients, respectively.Other hereditary blood-group systems have subsequently been discovered. The hereditary blood constituent called Rh factor is of great importance in obstetrics and blood transfusions because it creates reactions that can threaten the life of newborn infants. Blood types M and N have importance in legal cases involving proof of paternity.A chemist uses liquid chromatography to analyze a complex mixture of substances. The chromatograph utilizes an adsorbtive medium, which when placed in contact with a sample, adsorbs the various constituents of the sample at different rates. In this manner, the components of a mixture are separated. Chromatography has many valuable applications, such as determining the level of pollutants in air, analyzing drugs, and testing blood and urine samples.Gas chromatography separates the volatile constituents of a sample, and liquid/liquid chromatography separates small, neutral molecules in solution. The goal in conducting a separation is to produce a purified or partly purified form of the desired constituent for analytical measurement, or to eliminate other constituents that would interfere with the measurement, or both. Separation is often unnecessary when the method is highly specific, or selective, and responds to the desired constituent while ignoring others. Measuring the pH, or hydrogen ion content, of blood with a glass electrode is an example of a measurement that does not require a separation step.QHP 7694 Head Space Sampler is a machine that equilibrates the sample vials at the desired temperature for the specified time period. A needle then punctures the teflon coated septum at the top of the vial and draws a measured sample of the vapor which it sends to the Gas Chromatograph.HP 5890 Gas Chromatograph. This machine takes the vapor from the Head Space Sampler and passes it through a packed column designed specifically for alcohol in blood. As the vapor passes through this column, different compounds will travel at different rates thus exiting at diffe rent times. As the separated compounds exit, they pass through a Flame Ionizing Device (FID) which consists of a hydrogen-oxygen flame and ionizing detectors. The intensity of the ionization is measured and sent to the computer for processing. Helium Carrier Gas carries the vapors through the Gas Chromatograph. A Power Macintosh 7600 is used for report generation, correspondence and on line communication. Reports are printed using a variety of laser printers to insure optimum print quality. Blood samples are quantitatively added to an aqueous solution into which an internal standard has been added in order to compensate for sampling fluctuations within the Gas Chromatograph. Static head space methodology is employed in which an aliquot of equilibrated vapor is injected and analyzed by a Flame Ionization Detector in the Gas Chromatograph,which consists of a hydrogen-oxygen flame and ionizing detectors. The intensity of the ionization is measured and sent to the computer for processin g. Helium Carrier Gas carries the vapors through the Gas Chromatograph.Blood analysis is very important in many different situations. For example, in forensics, if a bloodstain pattern is obtained, analysis is vital. BPA (Bloodstain Pattern Analysis) may on many occasions, clearly define the location of the victim or the assailant by establishing the actions of either or both. Possible and impossible scenarios may be established to determine if the victim, witness, orassailant is accurately describing what took place.Some questions that may be answered are: What type of weapon or impact occurred to cause the bloodstains present? How many times was the victim struck ? Where was the victim at the time the injuries were inflicted? Where was the assailant during and following the assault? Is the bloodstain evidence consistent with the medical examiner findings? Is the bloodstain evidence on the suspect and his clothing consistent with the crime scene? Numerous courts throughout the coun try have upheld the value and scientific reliability of BPA. Court case information is available upon request. BPA is a valuable asset during and after the initial investigation. BPA has been extremely valuable during the establishment of the courtroom trial strategy.Blood analysis can be very important in testing for drugs. If drugs are in your system, your blood can be tested using more sophisticated means than static head space gas chromatography. You can also use urine tests and breath tests. Urine, however is the least reliable, while blood is the most.DNA Detection is a very important part of blood analysis. Thanks to a powerful biochemical tool called polymerase chain reaction (PCR), it is possible to detect incredibly tiny amounts of particular DNA molecules. Even one single molecule can be enough!DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the central molecule of life. It contains sequences of information coded along its length. The information tells cells how to build protein molecules . PCR uses proteins called enzymes, combined with small pieces of DNA called primers. The primers match the sequence of the target molecule (the one being looked for) and the enzymes make lots more of any matching molecules. The result is that one matching molecule is multiplied into billions! DNA is very important because nobody has the same DNA pattern. Every single person’s is different. DNA also lasts forever, it never disappears.Bibliography:Bibliography http://www.letsfindout.com/subjects/body/rfipulma.htmlhttp://www.watchtower.org/medical_care_and_blood.htmhttp://www.letsfindout.com/subjects/body/veins.htmlhttp://www.encyclopedia.com/articles/01579.htmlhttp://www.letsfindout.com/subjects/body/rfiblood.html Plagiarism Detection >Blood Encarta Encyclopedia Blood Type Encarta EncyclopediaForensics- Encarta Encyclopedia

Rousseau's Social Contract and John Stuart Mill's On Liberty Essay - 1

Rousseau's Social Contract and John Stuart Mill's On Liberty - Essay Example Mills differs with Rousseau regarding the fundamental basis of freedom, by arguing that individual rights grant man freedom, and by extension makes the society free. On his part, Rousseau argues that individual rights make an individual a slave of oneself, by making him obey his self-desire (Rousseau, 56). This way, there is no accumulation of private property, which ends up creating insecurity, considering that an individual holds more at the expense of others, who are in turn compelled to take away what the individual is not using (Rousseau, 22). Rousseau also argues that it is through the submission of individual rights, that order is created in the society since the submission of individual interest for the sake of upholding general interests of all ends-up creating a legitimate society. Rousseau, therefore, concludes that an individual’s duty to the society supersedes all the other interests, including the interests of oneself. Therefore, liberty is beneficial when it is operating in the realm of the whole society, as opposed to when it is operating within the zoning of an individual right since it ends-up making the individual a slave of himself (Rousseau, 36). On his side, Mill observes that liberty is beneficial, since it enables the creation of a healthy society, with good citizenship and absolute freedom for mankind (Mill, 16). Even though he agrees with Rousseau that the liberty of man need to be regulated, he differs with him, in arguing that individuality should not be suppressed and exchanged with the duty to community, since individuality is the basis of retaining the basic rights of individuals, which in turn prevents an individual from being dominated over by the tyranny of the majority (Mill, 22). Therefore, individuals should be allowed to pursue their desired ends without any interference, barriers or obstacles from either the society or the government, since it is this pursuit of individual’s desired ends that creates happines s to the individuals, and thus leads to a productive and civilized society.     

Southern Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Southern Company - Essay Example Employees at various organizational levels are required to take important strategic decisions regarding their work. Unless employees have the right skills, knowledge and the acumen of taking correct and timely decisions for meeting their job responsibilities, organizations will not be able perform efficiently (Sharif, 2002). Some of the important aspects of talent management considered by strategic leaders of Southern Company are recruitment, selection and training of employees, placement, training and development program implementation, mentoring and leadership development. Since talent management and development requires investment of time, money and skills, most organizational leaders are seen to give low importance towards this aspect. Company’s selection and recruitment processes lack efficiency as a result of which employee turnover is seen to be high. Also, when candidates are not mapped suitably, they get placed in jobs without adequate talent match. This leads to ineffective performance and lack of dedication. It is also significantly important that organizational leaders develop training programs in order to enhance skills of the employees. Work conditions requirements are never constant. They keep changing along with the changing needs of business and the economy. Technological innovations also affect the manner in which work is performed within an organization. Due to such aspects, it becomes necessary that organizations impart training to their employees, so that their level of skill is enhanced and they can easily adapt with changing requirements of the business. These aspects must be deeply be considered by strategic leaders of the organization, who should develop suitable measures accordingly (Ashton & Morton, 2005). Objective metrics- This process involves collection of data regarding talent requirements present within the firm. For this, the firm must

Information Technology determines contemporary social change. Discuss Essay

Information Technology determines contemporary social change. Discuss giving examples - Essay Example In the current century, we started tapping the celluloid, uranium, electromagnetism, and now the photon. To neutralize harmful germs, we even employ the services of the bacterium. Another great invention is mathematics, derived naturally from the Homo Sapiens' ability to conceive quantity. Spectacular tool making is not possible without the continuous development of mathematics. Our species has gone this far, equipped with only a few pounds of brain matter, a small and frail anatomy, and natural senses limited to a mere five (sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing). Given these leaps, it has been necessary to come up with a set of social codes to regulate behavior and ensure continuous order. The law, it is said, operates to regulate behavior and maintain the cohesiveness of a given society. In order to maintain its role as bulwark, it capitalizes on and gains credence from the idea that there is but one set of "correct" rules and that legal decisions are but logical outcomes of tested principles that are empirically-replicable. Perhaps there are very few modern developments that have posed a challenge to this notion of the law and the legal system than the advent of the Internet. Precisely because of the uniqueness of the medium and the vastness of its breadth, there has been great difficulty imposing regulatory mechanisms on its use - thereby leading, in many cases, to its abuse. There can be no denying that information technology plays an important role in the molding of social values and in the legitimization of personal perceptions. In the United States, 98% have at least one television, 70% have more than one television, 70% have cable, and 51% of households with children have a computer. (Paik, 1994) For example, on the issues surrounding Internet obscenity, Petrie (1997) found that "because the Internet is a unique communications technology, it does not fit squarely into the conceptual scheme of traditional obscenity law." (p. 638). In a nutshell, the Internet, also called the information superhighway, is a communications network wherein computers from all over the world may instantaneously communicate and exchange images with each other through the benefit of a modem and an Internet Service Provider. There is no one central source that can filter out images or regulate the flow of information. The internet cannot be shut down at will. On the issue of hate speech, The danger posed by the internet is that more often than not, it is the medium of choice of racial supremacist groups who thrive on the relative safety and untraceability that the Internet provides. Hier (2000) presents three reasons: First, there exists a considerable gap between the public images that racial supremacist groups attempt to present in the Internet and a far less benign image that emerges upon closer analysis; second, exemplified by the Freedom-site, the internet has facilitated a greater degree of solidarity between racial supremacist organizations; and third, given the impersonal nature of the internet, there exists a certain degree of danger that otherwise ordinary citizens will become more susceptible to the ideology of racial supremacism. (p. 471) The problem is not merely that the technology allows for unprecedented reach and scope. More significantly, the problem is that the law and all its traditional structures are ill-equipped to handle this revolutionary form of

Analysis of how Joint Warfare was applied during Operation Just Cause Research Paper

Analysis of how Joint Warfare was applied during Operation Just Cause in Panama - Research Paper Example In order to tackle the future political challenges, there is a need for developing an army which is prepared for not only offensive and defensive activities, but also to maintain stability and to conduct supporting functions. The military operations in Haiti, Bosnia and Middle East demonstrate the requirement of joint forces in order to ensure better cooperation. The trends of joint operation in 21st century evidently reveal the fact that single military operations have become history. In order to rule in the rapidly changing environment, joint approach of military planning is considered as a critical success factor for any nation . The research paper provides an in-depth analysis on application of joint warfare during ‘Operation Just Cause’ in Panama. The objective of the research is to analyze how joint operations were implemented during Operation Just Cause. Besides, the paper also aims at understanding how Goldwater-Nichols Act had affected the planning of Operation Just Cause. Basic Description about Joint Operation The term, ‘Joint Operation’ denotes military movements which are undertaken by joint military forces. Joint operation principle is established on a sound foundation of war philosophy, concept and practical knowledge. Joint operation principles identify the basic and the advantageous impacts of ‘unity in command’ and the cooperation which results from integration and harmonization of military operations. This cooperation can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of military force. The benefits of joint operation are spread beyond the operational background across the array of military actions2. ‘Joint Warfare’ is often used by the military forces of the US in conjunction with other countries and agencies. Joint warfare is required in order to create a decisive and a combined combat strength. In joint warfare philosophy, the military organizations incorporate and synchronize their air forces, land forces, navy forces and the special operation forces in order to accomplish strategic and operational objectives. The objective of joint warfare is to enhance the effectiveness of military assault3. The Origin of Joint Concepts The history of the US reveals the significance of joint operations. The war of 1812 in between the US and Great Britain provides a great example with regard to success of joint operation. However, the operation was criticized due to misperceptions, low level of cooperation and coordination. The first joint military board in the US was established in the year 1903. The joint board was aimed at planning joint military operations and resolving issues on common concerns. Yet, the joint board was provided with little right to solve

Getting to know Bigger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Getting to know Bigger - Essay Example s vanishing on her darling, a Communist; he tries to gather a payment from her guardians; after the body is discovered he kills his Negro paramour to keep her from deceiving him to the police. The one day from now he is caught on the snow-secured top of a South Side dwelling, while a crowd wails in the road below. Bigger is a character made to show us the issue of racism that was then present in America. The situation of the racial groups, the condition they went through, and their feelings their tough situations have been shown through the character of Bigger Thomas. Bigger, he demonstrates, had been prepared from the earliest starting point to be a terrible resident. He had been taught American beliefs of life, in the schools, in the magazines, in the modest film houses, yet had been precluded any methods from claiming accomplishing them. All that he needed to have or do was held for the whites. "I simply cant get accustomed to it," he lets one know of his poolroom pals. "I vow to God I cant†¦ Every time I contemplate it I feel like some persons jabbing a super hot iron down my throat. His every day presence is smudged with apprehension of white individuals, dread of life itself, and disgrace at the way his family exists. In spite of the fact that we know hes picked up another employment, even the new occupation offers little trust for a superior life. His family will keep on lying in the same rodent plagued one-room condo and battle to put sustenance on the table, a reality that fills Bigger with a miserable feeling of his own weakness. The Daltons, the well off white family that utilizes him, recommend that Bigger has an open door to increase an instruction through night school while he lives and works for them. In spite of the fact that this is an open door that few blacks at the time are offered, the Daltons liberality is moderated – actually, demolished – by their racism. Bigger realizes that the well off white family possesses the condo in which

Speaking Our Minds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Speaking Our Minds - Essay Example Language and speech have been applied to convince parties to lean towards the presentation of establishing mutual agreement. The communication process has held the needed measures to offer a satisfaction in delivering substantial results in achieving a given target. The ability of expressing these desires has been noted to present the needed incentives to complete the norm of expression that determines the qualifications of individuals. The expression entity has been included in the relation to complete the norm of placing the desires before the though presented. The capability of individuals is varied and the challenge presented has been directed to the completion of the set tasks. However, various individuals hold different values that define their personality to the external society. The ability of an individual to claim their rights within the society has been noticed to hold the requirements in establishing confidence (Sanchez, 2009). Speech and the language involved in a conver sation or monologue accords the needed information to define the needed attributes to develop. The ability of an individual to speak their minds can be regarded as a higher confidence form achieved, and without the provision, the message holder may face societal challenges. In any organization, the members are presented with the opportunity of equal participation. Before being included in the organization of these groups, the issued provision is placed on the principles to be followed. However, some rules made to govern these institutions may be challenging towards attaining progress. The importance is accorded the desire for the available members within the groups to suggest solutions (Russomanno, 2010). In speaking their minds, individuals are accorded the platform to suggest reforms. The entity breeds confidence to confront an external power that may be the authority of the setting. The leaders within the organizations articulate the measures to include positive reforms through t he open opinion venues. Airing the opinions publicly, or in the set platform has been noticed to include the measures applied to yield a positive outcome. The speech may be for or against the set rules within the organization. A platform that allows individuals to express their minds is regarded as the avenue that has achieved liberalism. The aspect of speaking one’s mind ascertains the existence of a free society. When individuals speak their mind, a form of respect and higher accordance is realized. This is noticed in an oppressive societal setting where the power dictates the behavioral trend. The confidence generated from free speech expression would be directed towards achieving freedom. In a company that offers constrained salary scale, the leaders within the groups are charged with the responsibility of advocating for changes (Miniature Book Collection, 1998). Sometimes, the entity is applied to present a collective thought in opinions. The minds under consideration ma y be of a group depicted in their leaders. The listening and leadership skills are built when an individual is capable of presenting the arguments to a higher power. The provision to deliver a comfortable working environment is placed in the communication between employers and employees. The norm may also be applied in seeking for an increment in the salary. A free societal setting allows for the freedom of expression. In a society without the allowance for members to speak their minds, the challenge is presented in the

Changing Roles of Worker ( Evolution of Management) Essay

Changing Roles of Worker ( Evolution of Management) - Essay Example Focus would be over an article by Lauren Keller Johnson entitled Are you getting the most from your knowledge worker? (2006). Moreover, the paper would revolve around the evolution of management roles particularly from a boss to a coach or player role. In order to explore the shift in roles, the paper would elaborate and describe the roles of the player/coach, how this role is achieved by a manager. Moreover, it would discuss over how the manager identifies knowledge workers without having proper means to identify, measure and quantify knowledge itself. Changing Roles of Workers According to Austin (2006), a knowledge worker is someone who is not hired to do manual work as they are most productive when given the autonomy to work with their skills as they are the workers who are employed due to their deep knowledge over a subject, this quality of the knowledge worker makes them exclusive and diverse from traditional workers. A precise characterization of knowledge workers can be quote d by Davenport in his article â€Å"Knowledge work and the Future of management’ (2001) which states them as â€Å"the workers who contribute in disseminating knowledge such as product development engineers, or the workers whose work revolves around the application of knowledge, such as financial auditors† Furthermore, Austin claimed that with when dealing with knowledge workers, the management is more democratic as opposed to being autocratic and where bosses are more like knowledge managers rather than leaders. This evolving role of bosses is recognized by Davenport as marking eight key trends of the player/coach role these trends include performing tasks themselves rather than only supervising it, replacing the organization of hierarchies by allowing the formation of communities, understanding the nature of the work and devising work design models instead of enforcing them, having a more open approach towards training while discouraging redundancy and demoralizatio n, replacing manual skills by those that contribute in building knowledge, focusing upon invisible performance achievements rather than evaluating visible achievements, promoting a culture of knowledge versus one of ignorance, and finally, nurturing bureaucracy (Wagner, 2002) Often managers fail to recognize the abilities of the workers to become knowledge workers when in actuality, every worker is a knowledge worker as they would be able to, if given the opportunity, assume the roles of player/coach as it was envisaged by the eight trends mentioned earlier. A worker being employed by an organization would be, with the passage of time, adding his or her knowledge into the corporate culture of the organization. The enhanced corporate culture would become a strong aspect for the business as it would help in improving the work practices by adding value to the knowledge base of the organization and helping it function better. The process would bring out the role of a coach/player from a knowledge manager who was initially a knowledge worker in the organization. A vital measure of the efficacy of the knowledge manager is through the relationships that they inculcate and maintain (Serrat, 2008). The management of knowledge workers can only be accomplished by managers who do not only possess the skills of good leaders, but who are equally as competent being team players and followers. It involves progression of talent by influencing skills of knowledge work

Determined and Free

Determined and Free Will Essay At this point in my life I believe there is a balance in how many of our choices are determined and how many are free. The things that are determined for us are factors like what we are born into such as our ethnicity and social status. Also, if your parents are religious, you are raised under the influence of that religion. Most children embrace that faith as their own. These are life factors that you can change eventually, but usually due to societal influences you stay with these predetermined decisions. Certain determined things won’t ever be able to be altered. The color of your skin, and how you are treated because of it, is determined by where we are placed in life. Whether we are born with a medical condition or disorder is something we have no control over. Also, whether we have access to higher education or opportunity to move social classes. Many circumstances we don’t have power over are situational. The free will choices in our lives are day-to-day decisions that we make. However, these choices can have a major impact in our lives. I think there are many influences that can affect your free will, but the final decision lies in your own hands. You decide what social and personal influences infiltrate your decision, and in that is power. Things like your faith and morals shape who you are, so to make a decision with absolutely no influence is not necessarily of your own â€Å"free will†. Free will is having a say in your own decisions, it doesn’t matter what influences you unless you feel it limits you. I also believe that people differ in the amount of free will they have. The predetermined factors are generally the same for everyone, but the free choices are different. This is because people choose to let certain factors limit them, and others do not. If someone cares whether others judge him or her, they are less likely to decide to do something they really want if it is odd or embarrassing. Same method works if someone cares if their parents approve or not of their choices. These are limitations to your free will that you choose to adhere to.

Death in Cross Cultural Perspectives Essay Example for Free

Death in Cross Cultural Perspectives Essay There are different mourning ceremonies, traditions, and behaviors to express grief, but the concept of permanent loss remains unchanged in cross cultural setting. With this paper I will identify cross-cultural perspectives on death and dying, and will analyze multiple beliefs relating to death phenomenon. Furthermore I will identify different cultural mourning ceremonies and will analyze their impact on grieving process and coping mechanisms. Death is a universal phenomenon, but individual responses to death vary widely from culture to culture. In effort to explain the concept of death, many different cultures bring a significant symbolic meaning to the dying process in terms of rituals, ceremonies, and bereavement practices. Grieving and funeral rituals vary greatly across cultures and, in most cases, are associated with religious practices and beliefs. People tend to look at the death phenomena through the scope of their religious beliefs and often relate their personal experiences with death to cultural norms and traditions. Our culture affects the length of grieving process, mourning ceremonies, and even influence the way we cry during funerals. The mystery of death is often associated with fear and anxiety, thus it is easier for people to relate indefinite death concept to something that makes sense and brings comfort. Death in Latino culture According to Lobar, Youngblut and Brooten (2006), Latino death rituals are heavily influenced by religion, especially Catholicism, which underlines an importance of connection between the living and a deceased person, through prayer. Death is not something the majority of Hispanics fear, because many of them perceive death as a journey. The dying process is closely related to religious practices, such as prayers, hearing the confession of the dying, communion, and a blessing. Ongoing support is essential element of dying and grieving process, and in this particular culture it is unacceptable to let people die alone. The loyalty to a dying person and care that ill person receives during the last journey is very prominent in Latino culture. Death concept in Hispanic culture is closely related to family obligations, which is evident by the care that Hispanic family renders to a dying person during last moments. After death occurs, the family still prefers to stay with the body during burial preparation to pray and to watch over the body. Prior funeral a wake is held, which is a very social event where an extended family has a chance to get together, serve food and drinks, and enjoy each others’ company. Candles and flowers are essential decorating attributes of wakes and funerals. A funeral follows a wake, and during funeral family has a chance to say last goodbyes to their loved one. Emotional expression of grief is important attribute of Latino cultures which is often evident during funeral ceremonies where women cry loudly and use their body language openly. It is not unusual to put personal items into the casket with the person who has passed away for their journey in the afterlife, which also serves as an example of a finial gift from a family (Lobar, Youngblut Brooten, 2006). Burial follow a funeral, because majority of Hispanics oppose cremation, which is also related to their religious beliefs and importance of placing a body in the ground. Most Hispanics believe that someday the dead will arise and return to life, which significantly influences their burial preferences. It is crucial for Hispanics to be buried next to other family members to keep them company and to arise together someday (Lobar, Youngblut Brooten, 2006). Spiritual connection with the dead is also one of the important elements of Latino culture, which is demonstrated by frequent gravesite visits and praying to spirits. Death is always associated with separation, which leads to sorrow, and grief; however cultural perceptions and beliefs help to look at death from a different perspective and perceive death as a natural state that can be approached with love, respect, dignity, and tremendous family support. Latino culture supports their dying people during the last journey, and believes in afterlife, which gives them hope and helps to overcome unbearable grief of permanent loss. Death rituals in Africa African culture demonstrates a strong connection with deceased person, and believes that only a correct burial will bring a dead person peace. People n Africa strongly believe in spiritual life, thus their main goal during burial ceremonies is to address a spirit of a deceased person. An African funeral begins with removal of the body from home, which is done through a previously made hole in the wall of the home. Africans remove a dead body through the hole, instead of a door, to confuse a spirit and m ake sure that a spirit of a deceased person will not return back home, as a hole in the wall is immediately closed after removal of the body. In effort to confuse a spirit even more, they place thorns and sticks in a zigzag pattern along the way as body being taken to the place of burial. Blackely et al, 1994). In the religions of Africa, life does not end with death and people tend to believe in power of the dead, thus many families often pray to spirits and ask them not to come back and cause any trouble. Death is perceived as the beginning of connection with visible and invisible worlds. One of the funeral rituals include special preparation of a home, such as smearing windows with ashes and turning pictures and other reflective objects face down to ensure that deceased person is detached from a living, and to promote smooth transition into different world. The beds are usually removed from deceased’s bedroom and mourning women sit on a floor or a mattress. According to African culture, if correct funeral is not observed, a dead person may come back and bother the living. The funeral preparation takes approximately from seven to thirteen days, which gives the community members a chance to visit and give the last respect to a deceased (Mbiti, 1969). The funeral ceremony usually begins before the sunrise, because people believe that bad spirits usually sleep early in the morning. The pastoral care during funeral preparation is very important for comfort and encouragement. According to Blackely et al (1994), African funerals simultaneously mourn for the dead and celebrate life. An animal is usually killed during funerals to avoid bad luck, but it also has a practical purpose, such as providing food for family and neighbors. In many communities women and unmarried adults are not allowed to attend funerals, as well as close family members are not allowed to speak or take any vocal part in the funeral ceremony. The community involvement during African funerals is a great example of psychosocial and emotional support during mourning process, which draws people together and promotes healthy grief. Jewish rituals There are many different beliefs in Judaism, thus funeral rituals and ceremonies vary greatly. According to Jewish laws, practices, and beliefs, a soul returns to heaven immediately after death, thus the body has to be buried as soon as possible, usually within 24 to 48 hours (Lobar, Youngblut Brooten, 2006). Mourners show their grief by wearing a black ribbon and by performing only minimal grooming and bathing. Mirrors or other reflective objects may be covered and family remains with a deceased and talks about a deceased. Prayers, citations of Psalms and learned passages from the Talmud are essential elements of the Jewish funerals (Ribner, 1998). According to Clements et al (2003), a body should be treated with respect due to belief that it is a temple of a soul. There is a special ritual of body preparation, where women prepare a female body and men are responsible for preparing a male body. All jewelry must be removed from the body, and the body is washed twice, and is treated almost if it was still alive. The prepared body is laid on the floor with candles around it, and the body is never left alone. There is no embalming and the body is clothed or wrapped and put into wooden coffin, so the body and the box can return entirely to earth. Traditional Jewish funerals are symbolic representations of spiritual connection with God. The funeral ceremonies are based on purity, simplicity and dignity. According to Jewish tradition, wealthy and poor are equal before God, thus the body must be buried in the same type of garment regardless of financial and social status. According to Jewish religion, death is only a part of a process, and after death a soul continues on. Jewish people believe in afterlife, which gives them hope and helps to deal with grief. The importance of family is recognized throughout Jewish mourning ceremonies, which value family privacy during first seven days of mourning process, where close family gets together and have a meal of condolence that include eggs and bread. According to the belief, eggs symbolize life, which is a great example of attitude towards death and strong belief in afterlife (Madsen, 1999). Cross cultural perspective Death is a universal phenomenon, but funerals ceremonies and rituals vary greatly across cultures and religions. Many cultural groups carry their own beliefs and perceptions, which help them with the grieving process and adaptations strategies. Death carries a feeling of a permanent loss, which is very difficult for people to accept. According to Kastenbaum (2007), bereavement is a universal experience, which carries many painful responses, including depression, distress, fear, and misery. Our inner state feelings are universal, however or external expressions are different. Our culture and religious beliefs are essential elements of adaptation strategies and coping techniques. Believing in afterlife in Christianity, Judaism, and many other religious groups gives people hope, helps to alleviate grief, and promotes healthy adaptation process. Strong extended family support during mourning process helps to share unbearable grief among family members and serves as an excellent source of encouragement. Strong community involvement is extremely beneficial during bereavement, which helps to take care of financial struggles and provides psychosocial support. Cross cultural rituals help people express their grief according to their beliefs. Almost every funeral ceremony is family oriented, which is designed to bring extended family together, to celebrate life, and to set the background for healthy grief. There are many similarities and differences in beliefs and practices on death and dying. But for many cultures and religious groups a funeral is a final act of love, respect, devotion, and family gathering.

History of the Gun

History of the Gun The gun is a very unique piece of work that has all kinds of uses. The Chinese invented the gun many years ago. Since the gun has been invented it has improved tremendously and is still advancing this day. When was the gun invented? The first gun was invented in the year 1232. This invention was introduced after the invention of black powder was discovered. â€Å"Gunpowder is an explosive mixture of 15% charcoal, 10% sulfur, and 75% potassium nitrate, or saltpeter.†1 Gunpowder was used for fireworks that was fired out of bamboo sticks during the ninth century. The bamboo stick was also used as the first gun, they were not very productive because they were so brittle, but they were used to try to stop the Mongol invaders. â€Å"Europeans obtained gunpowder in the thirteenth century.†2 The Europeans took the recipe to this mixture and was going to enhance the gun severely. The first type of firearm invented by the Europeans was the cannon; the cannon was used to siege the defenders in the castle walls. The cannonballs fired from the cannons would crumble the castle walls leading to the end of feudalism. The first siege that the Europeans conquered was the siege of Metz in the year 1324. â€Å"Cannons were very effective weapons in a siege, but soldiers soon wanted guns they could carry. At first, simple â€Å"hand gonnes† were used side-by-side with traditional weapons such as crossbows, pikes, and lances. The development of small arms quickly changed how military battles were fought.†3 The knights that fought on the front line of the military were soon defeated when the gun was invented. The armor could withstand swords, spears and lances, but when a bullet was shot it pierced through the armor making it defenseless against the gun. When the full armor body suits were put away the helmets and the breastplates were introduced. The breastplates were made out of very hard steel and could withstand a straight shot from a bullet. This invention gave each side a chance to survive from a gunshot. Starting around the 1400s blacksmiths began inventing more and easier ways to operate a gun. The first invention that simplified the gun was the matchlock gun. A wick was attached to a clamp that released into a chamber full of gunpowder. This cut reload time down a little but not much. During the 15th and 16th century the only thing that changed on the gun was the way they produced a spark to fire. The 18th century rolled around and a percussion cap gun was invented. The percussion cap gun was invented by a man named Reverend John Forsyth. â€Å"firing mechanism no longer uses flash pan, a tube lead straight into the gun barrel, the tube had an exposed cap on it that exploded when struck†4 During the 18th century there were all sorts of guns invented. Guns ranging from revolvers and center firing guns all the way to shotguns and rifles. The automatic gun was even invented in the 18th century. During the 19th century a new gun was invented: the new gun was an automatic and it was a Winchester. The Winchester automatic rifle was invented during the year 1903. More rifles were invented during the 19th century and the more they were invented the more sophisticated and enhanced they became. Guns anywhere from the Tommy gun to the Assault rifle. When these guns were invented they were able to kill lots of people in a short period of time. The time it takes to reload a gun today verses the time it took 3 centuries ago has changed dramatically. Centuries ago it took almost two minutes to reload and fire a gun. Today you can shoot up to a thousand rounds a minute. Mankind has invented guns so that they can be used to kill people in mass numbers. When ships were introduced to guns they took advantage of opportunity to use them. Sailors could use guns to rob other boats and take over villages and tribes. Even though the people that lived in the tribe would outnumber the people on the boat, they could be conquered by something that they have never seen before in their life. Why were guns invented? â€Å"Guns were invented not for protection against the elements or for sport or for hunting but with the simple purpose to fight other men.†5 There was a man named Samuel Colt that quoted the phrase: â€Å"God made man. Samuel Colt made them equal†6,this is said to be true because of what Samuel Colt invented. Samuel Colt invented the revolver, which is still used in todays society in some countries. With the idea that the gun was invented to fight other men the world has turned into a war. Everywhere that you turn and look you will see someone with a gun or is being robbed by someone with a gun. Some people that own guns dont think before they act. This is why there are so many murders with guns. Everyone in the military has a gun issued to them. Most of the military carry machine guns with them into combat for the simple reason that the machine gun can fire rapid fire for a long period of time. All you have to do with a machine gun is keep it cool and keep the gun lo aded at all times and shooting will never stop. The man who invented the machine gun is Doctor Richard Gatling. â€Å"Doctor Richard Gatling patented his design of the â€Å"Gatling Gun†, a six-barreled weapon capable of firing a (then) phenomenal 200 rounds per minute.†7 The Gatling gun was invented in the year 1861. During the year 1885 The Maxim Machine Gun was invented. Years later the Tommy gun was invented. â€Å"The Thompson submachine gun or Tommy gun was invented by General John T. Thompson, it was the first hand held machine gun. Thompson was driven with the thought of creating a hand held machine gun that would help end the First World War, However, â€Å"the first shipment of prototype guns destined for Europe arrived at the docks in New York city on November 11, 1918, the day the war ended.†8 New and Improved Guns The guns of the 20th century are amazing. They have guns that can see around corners and guns that tell you how far your target is away from you. The equipment that mankind has come up with is far more advanced than anyone has ever thought. We now have radars that can see where you are at night. The infrared radar system has let us see things at night. This helps the military find the enemy in tough weather such as rain or snow, but the infrared radar has one downfall. The radar system cannot see anything submerged in water. Next we have the smart bullet, the smart bullet can follow your every turn, and you cant hide from it. The distance that the bullet can travel depends on where the target is. â€Å"According to recently declassified research by the Department of Defense, the new bullets will allow snipers to hit targets several kilometers away.†9 The smart bullet travels at Mach 3. The reason that this bullet can maneuver like it does is because it have a ball joint that c onnects the nose of the bullet to the casing. â€Å"The nose can move by up to 0.1 degrees in any direction.†10 The gun that this bullet comes out of has to be very powerful to make this bullet travel the distance it does. The military is going from guns to chemical warfare now. Chemical warfare is very dangerous to use because it spreads and doesnt stop and is hard to control. â€Å"Chemical warfare is warfare (and associated military operations) using the toxic properties of chemical substances to kill, injure, or incapacitate an enemy.†11 Chemical weapons are and can be very dangerous and have been used since the 1900s. The way that you use to tell how chemicals were surrounding you was by smell, by the time u smelled the gas you were dead, you had no chance of living. The chemical warfare today has improved its detection. The way that you can tell the chemicals are around you now are by chemical strips, laser detection, alarms, and blister agent detectors. There ar e three schedules of chemical weapons that can be used for warfare. The first schedule has little use. This schedule is mainly for medical research and pharmaceutical use. â€Å"Examples include nerve agents, ricin, lewisite, and mustard gas.†12 The second schedule has no big industrial uses but is used legitimately for small uses. â€Å"Examples include dimethyl methylphosphonate, a precursor to sarin but also used as a flame retardant and thiodiglycol, a precursor in the manufacture of mustard gas but also widely used as a solvent in inks.†13 The last scheduled substance has large-scale industrial uses. â€Å"Examples include phosgene and chloropicrin.†14 Both of these chemicals have been in use when it comes to chemical warfare. The substance phosgene is used in the production of plastic. The chemical Chloropicrin is used as a fumigant. If both of these plants produce up to 30 tons a year they have to be reported to The Organization for the Prohibition of Che mical Weapons, (OPCW). Guns have taken a very big toll on the 20th century population. The improvement of guns will never stop and will keep on getting more sophisticated. History is always in the making and history is always repeating itself, so keep up with time or it will leave you standing alone! Notes 1. Thomas Gale. Bookrags.com The Invention of Guns. Science and Its Times: 700-1449. (Background) 1st paragraph, 1st sentence. 2. Bookrags.com (Background) 2nd paragraph, 1st sentence. 3. Bookrags.com (Impact) 2nd paragraph, 1st 3 sentences. 4. Mary Bellis, About.com. History of Firearms. (Timeline), Year 1825. 2nd part of sentence. 5. Blurtit. Why Were Guns Invented? 1st paragraph, Last sentence. 6. Blurtit. 1st paragraph, 2nd sentence. 7. Mary Bellis, About.com. The History of Guns Rifles and Machine Guns. (Machine Guns- Gatling Gun-1861) 1st sentence. 8. (Machine Guns- Thompson Submachine Gun Tommy Gun) 1st 2 sentences. 9. Justin Mullins-New Scientist. Sniper Country.com. 1st paragraph. 2nd sentence. 10. Sniper Country.com. 3rd paragraph, Last sentence. 11. New World Encyclopedia. Chemical Warfare. 1st paragraph, 1st sentence. 12. New World Encyclopedia. (Three groups of chemical weapons Schedule 1 substances). 3rd sentence. 13. New World Encyclopedia. (Three groups of chemical weapons Schedule 2 substances). 2nd sentence. 14. New World Encyclopedia. (Three groups of chemical weapons Schedule 3 substances). 2nd sentence. Bibliography Blurtit. Why Were Guns Invented? The New York Times Company. Revised 2009. November 11 2009. http://inventors.about.com/od/militaryhistoryinventions/a/firearms.htm CALVO, SHERRI CHASIN. The Invention of Guns. 2005. November 11 2009. . Mullins, Justin New Scientist. â€Å"You can run, but you cant hide†.[Archive: 12 April 1997] November 11 2009 http://www.snipercountry.com/Articles/SmartBullets.asp Chemical warfare. New World Encyclopedia. 14 Jan 2009, 19:22 UTC. 18 Nov 2009, 07:21 .

Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay -- Education Teaching Teachers

Educational Goals and Philosophy Teaching has always been an honorable and valued profession. With teaching you instill the knowledge and values that the student will take with them throughout life. I have volunteered at the elementary school with my children and have enjoyed watching the encouragement and nurturing of these teachers towards their students. I felt that I have the ability to nurture and share in the wonderment of the knowledge that prevails around us. To achieve this goal I will strive to give these students the understanding, love, and confidence that they need to prepare them for their journey in life. I plan to teach special education. I believe that these children need more patience and understanding towards their academic goals. I have always had a warm spot in my heart for these children. Many of these children do not receive the positive attitude at home that they can succeed and meet challenges in their life. I want them to recognize their challenges and to raise their self-esteem, so that they can achieve every goal in life. I feel that these students have the potential and ability to gain the knowledge and to make a valuable impact on today’s society. It will be my job, as a teacher; to make sure that the correct technique is being demonstrated to ensure that these students reach their full potential. The main goal to any teaching technique is to give confidence to that student that he/she can do anything. There is no obstacl...

Griselda, Beatrice, and Kate Essay -- Comparative, The Model of Femin

In comparison with Griselda, the model of femininity and eponymous for patience and obedience, neither Beatrice, from Much Ado About Nothing, nor Kate, from The Taming of the Shrew, display idealized classical femininity. Instead, Beatrice and Kate perform Shakespeare’s representation of the unruly woman in such a way that directly goes against everything that a woman should be. This causes Beatrice and Kate’s respective suitors Benedick and Petruchio to display their masculinity in a manner that counteracts their respective unruly woman’s behavior. The ending of both plays contains some ambiguity in the futures of these unruly women; both have had some merger between their initial unruly behavior and their newfound stereotypical gender roles. While this merger brings the women closer to normal society, they retain a core trait of rebellion which keeps them from completely merging into their societies. In order to understand exactly how Beatrice and Kate fail to display model behavior throughout their plays, it is imperative to discuss the model behavior for women during the late medieval and renaissance periods. An excellent source of 16th century ideals comes from Giovanni Boccaccio’s 14th century collection of short tales, The Decameron. Specifically Boccaccio’s â€Å"The Story of Griselda,† tells the tale of a young, wealthy lord who selects Griselda, a low class woman, to be his wife. After four or five years of being married, the young lord, Gualtieri, decides that â€Å"he would needs make proof of his fair wife’s patience. (Griselda 3)† Gualtieri tests Griselda’s patience and obedience by sentencing their two children to death, â€Å"provoke[ing] her by injurious speeches, showing fierce and frowning looks to her, (Griselda 3)† and many... ...o their unconventional wooing. Emphasizing their rebellious natures through wit and humor, both Beatrice and Kate behaved in ways that rejected any potential suitors. Beatrice and Kate used their words to attack and belittle men, something that absolutely not allowed in a traditional Shakespearean woman. Beatrice’s wit was only allowed in the context that it was almost always humorous, allowing others to justify her language. Kate’s role as a shrew is rejected outright, as she neither uses humor nor can escape the fact that her fate is ultimately decided by her father. It is not until they meet mates that with as much fire and wit as they that either woman allows themselves to be married—conforming to society’s expectations. Both end up in relationships where they have more power than an average married woman would have, and neither ends up completely dominated.

Eating Disorders :: essays research papers

Addiction is having a devotion to something to a point where it becomes a habit and even obsessive. Anorexia and bulimia are forms of addiction (www.addictionscience.net). Eating disorders are patterns of persistent eating or dieting behavior. They can be caused by significant emotional, physical, and relational distress (www.addictionscience.net). Some eating disorders are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge eating. Anorexia is the relentless pursuit of thinness. Bulimia is the uncontrollable urge to eat large amounts of food in a short amount of time (Exploring Science 6th Edition Myers, David G). The media plays a big part in this it creates an artificial image that people are supposed to look picture perfect, such as supermodels and athletes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People with anorexia are unable to maintain there average body weight and height for their age (www.aedweb.org). Most are afraid of gaining weight and usually see themselves as being fat, even thought they might be underweight (www.aedweb.org). People with anorexia often deal with depression and withdrawal. They begin strange behavior such as dividing there food into a â€Å"good/safe† category, and a â€Å"bad/dangerous† category (www.calpsy.net/org).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Individuals with Bulimia usually overeat during meals. After eating, they usually feel guilty and punish themselves by forcing themselves to vomit, or by using laxatives, enemas, or by over exercising (Exploring Science 6th Edition Myers, David G). They also deal with depression and loneliness often. People with Bulimia have difficulty talking about their inner feelings. They also have anxiety depression, and anger (Exploring Science 6th Edition Myers, David G). They also might have problems with impulse control, shoplifting, and may be very sexually adventurous. They may also take in the habit to abuse drugs and alcohol depending on severity (www.anred.com).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People who binge eats are usually overweight. They diet to make themselves hungry and then binge eat to make up for the hunger. However, also eat for emotional reasons because they feel it substitutes for their depression (www.addictionscience.net).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some of the warning signs of eating disorders are with food behavior (Exploring Science 6th Edition Myers, David G). They will usually skip meals or only eat a small portion. They will not eat in front of other people and they mix strange food combinations, they will also have an excuse to never eat. Suddenly they will stop eating their favorite foods and only eat a few â€Å"safe† foods. Often find themselves wearing baggy clothes to cover up their â€Å"non-perfect† appearance (www.

The baby boomer in the midst of the economic crisis

Most of the baby boomer generation were imbibed with the stereotype perception on the facets of work, employment and success. In a typical scenario, that â€Å"best† schedule would connote that a baby boomer would go to work on a regular schedule, 8-5, working from Monday to Friday schedule. Most of the time would be spent in the office, taking a daily commute to and from the office, with some time being taken by overtime, some work to be done on the weekends, and some other tasks to be accomplished at home.Success was also easily defined, with the person attaining the highest position in the corporate ladder becoming the epitome of that standard of success (Brad Harrington, Douglas Hall 98). Many of the people, baby boomer and others, believe that the current recession is about to end and that more prosperous times are about to return are, what observers state, is sadly suffering from a near sighted view of the present economic crisis.In reality, since the peaking of the 2005 United States housing crisis, the continuing barrage of the sub-prime financial crisis in 2007,and the resulting economic slowdown in the American economy in December of the same year, its has been observed that the United States economy, and to a certain degree the global market, has entered into an era of prolonged adjustments, with expected periods of growth, but the severe economic restructuring currently being put in place is believed to continue for the next years. What is believed to be the main driver of these developments is the baby boomer generation.It is assumed that the previously mentioned financial crisis is also contributory to the current financial morass, but the imperative reasons is that what is considered as the largest demographic in the history of mankind, the baby boomer generation born after the Second World War, has overreached its spending power (Professor Rodrigue Tremblay). What is seen to be the immediate effect of this development is that there must b e a realization that the exhaustion of the spending power of the baby boomer generation is irreversible.In this regard, the solutions cannot be found overnight; the remedy will be decades of readjusting of corporate spending, reduced spending and increased savings, and liquidating massive mountains of debt. The ramifications of this development will be seen to reverberate through the entire economic structure, as seen in the downturn of the automobile industry, and the increases in the health care sector, as the baby boomer continue to age (Tremblay).What is considered as a significant public policy issue is the potential load that a society that is reaching its twilight years will place on the nation's health provider system and the government expenditures. The â€Å"2030† issue is about addressing the challenge that by that time, there will be adequate and an efficacious system will be in place in three decades time, when the elderly sector in society will be double the pre sent population. By the year 2030, it is expected that many of the baby boomer generation will be between the ages of 66 to 84 years, and they will comprise 61 million individuals.Apart from these, the number of the older baby boomers, will be more than 9 million by 2030 (James Knickman, Emily Snell). The present structure of the long term care sector is constructed around the provision of the service by private providers, which can be categorized as non-profit and some for profit outfits. When the available resources increase, the development of new services can accelerate at a faster pace. Inversely, when available resources decrease, it is also expected that the capacity of the sector will diminish.Taking the example of home health care as a point of reference, the growth in the yearly expenditure rate increase went from ten percent in the period of the 1980's reaching into the 1990's, plummeting to a negative three percent in just two years, from 1998 to 1999 (Knickman, Snell). The Congressional Budget Office (CBO), in a 1999 report, calculates that expenditures related to long term care needs was approximately $120 billion in 2000, more than half (59 percent) addressed by the private sector.The balance of the expenditures were covered by individual expenses, with the private long term sector just covering one percent of the long term health care expenditures. In the conservative estimation of the CBO, the total amount for long term health care will rise an average of 2. 6 percent above inflationary levels annually over a span of three decades, totaling more than $150 billion in 2010, close to $200 billion in 2020, and a colossal $ 230 billion by the year 2030 (Knickman, Snell). In the composition of the Federal budgetary outlay, three government dominate the bulk of Federal spending; Medicaid, Medicare and Social Security.Federal outlays for these programs in 2004 reached more than $960 billion, exclusive of receipt offsetting of Medicare premiums. In tot al, these three programs totaled more than 40 percent of the entire Federal budget. It is be noted that the Federal government is contemplating on implementing sweeping changes in the mechanism of the Social Security system. The changes in the Social Security structure is inclusive of proposals to divert a portion of their tax payments to private investment tools (United States Congressional Budget Office 9).One piece of advice that the boomers might give serious contemplation to is the fact that there exists now a need to increase levels of savings rather than increased spending. All the events the last few years have sent a clear signal to the aging sector to turn to savings and restrain spending binges; but these acts of saving on the part of the boomers would mean a decrease in the levels of consumption and reduced spending, so that they can liquidate their liabilities, and that will increase the personal net income of the boomers.But what does that spell for the economy, if the largest spending sector considers more saving and reducing their consumption? It will translate to a comprehensive deceleration in economic growth and some excruciating adjustments in broad sectors in the economy (Tremblay) . In this light, it is expected that the effects of the current financial crisis hounding the global economies will be magnified and increase in its intensity, and the magnified effects of the crisis will continue to be felt in the decades to come.The economic doldrums will not be continuous, as there will be some short lived gains and increases, but will quickly return to the state of economic stagnation. To cite an example, in the last decade, Japan suffered a period of stagnation induced by the elderly demographic buffeted the nation's economy for the entire nineties. Even to this day, Japan is still trying to finds its way out of the economic morass it suffered during that time (Tremblay). Many of the countries whose population practices a very high standard of savings patterns will be able to export much of that capital to other countries.During the baseline year for model simulations, 1997, it was seen that many industrial states were exporting more than $60 billion in net investments to some low and middle level nations, amounting to 1. 1 percent of the gross domestic product of the nations that receive these outflows of capital. In that year, only nations in East Asia region were seen to be net exporters of capital. But in the year 2015, the recipients of the outflows of the industrial nations will be the ones exporting capital, and the industrial nations currently exporting the capital will be the ones importing the capital (World Bank 40).In the years not covered by the data released by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the continued aging of the baby boomers, compounded with increasing costs related to health care, will create a significant shift in the financial situation of the Unite States. It is expected that in the nex t three decades, the population of Americans at or over the age of 65 will jump 100 percent, while the number of people that are under the age of 65 will only increase by 15 percent. What is more alarming is the rate for the increase for health care expenditures is expected to outstrip the pace of economic growth during the same period.If the costs continue at a pace of 2. 5 percent, the Federal government will increase its budgetary allocations for Medicare and Medicaid, from 4. 2 percent at present more than 11 percent by the year 2030 (Congressional 10). Budgetary allocations for Social Security is expected to increase in the next thirty years by an average of 40 percent under the operation of the present laws. The share of the allocations for Social Security will rise from the 4. 2 figure at present to at least 6 percent in 2030.By comparison, the revenue projections for Social Security is expected to be static during the period, hovering at around 5 percent of gross domestic pr oduct (GDP). All combined, these pressures will exert significant amounts of stress on the budget that growth in the economy is unlikely to fully satiate (Congressional 11). Works Cited Harrington, Brad, Hall, Douglas T. Career Management and work life integration: using self assessment to navigate contemporary careers. Los Angeles, USA: Sage Publications 2007. Knickman, James R. , Snell, Emily K. â€Å"The 2030 Problem: Caring for Aging Baby Boomers†.Health Research and Education Trust 2002 August, 37(4), pp. 849-884 Tremblay, Rodrigue. â€Å"The Great Baby-Boomers Economic Stagnation of 2007-2017†. United States Congressional Budget Office. The US Budget and Economic Outlook 2006- 2015. P. O. Box 416, Old Chelsea Station New York NY: Cosimo, Inc. 2005 World Bank. Global economic prospects and the Developing countries, Volume 13. 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC: World Bank Publications 2003.

Chapter 24 Rita Skeeter’s Scoop

E rattlingbody got up late on incase Day. The Gryf flummoxor common room was practic entirelyy quieter than it had been lately, much yawns punctuating the lazy dialogues. Hermi stars pig was bushy again she confessed to plague that she had apply liberal amounts of Sleekeazys blur Potion on it for the b completely, scarcely its representation to a fault much b new(prenominal) to do al star(prenominal) day, she break in tongue to matter-of- factly, scratching a purring Crookshanks stub the ears.Ron and Hermi ane key sum to the foremed to charter reached an unspoken agreement non to discuss their argument. They were organism sort of c abide by inhy to each other, though oddly formal. Ron and encrust wasted no date in divideing Hermi star astir(predicate) the conversation they had e genuinelyplace perceive amidst Madame Maxime and Hagrid, nevertheless Hermi wizard didnt count to f wholly upon the intelligence that Hagrid was a half(prenominal)- monst rosity nearly as dreadful as Ron did.Well, I persuasion he must be, she verbalise, shrugging. I k newborn he couldnt be pure giant because theyre near cardinal feet t altogether(a). yet honestly, solely this hysteria to the highest degree giants. They nominatet every be wretched.Its the corresponding sort of prejudice that mess flip towageard werewolves.Its in force(p) bigotry, isnt it?Ron looked as though he would puzzle the comparables ofd to reply scathingly, plainly when perhaps he didnt want roughly other row, because he con disco biscuitted himself with shaking his passport disbelievingly while Hermione wasnt smell.It was cartridge clip forthwith to estimate of the homework they had neglected during the clinical depression gear week of the holi sexagenarian age. E realisticlybody seemed to be feeling or else flat instanter that Christmas was ein truthplace e genuinelybody miss devil, that is, who was get-go ( once again) to feel slightly ner vous.The turn over was that February the twenty-fourth looked a covey next from this side of Christmas, and he st tired of(p) hadnt by with(p) everything near working prohibited the trace inside the golden egg. He t presentfore started taking the egg let on of his organic structure every time he went up to the dormitory, opening it, and bear in minding intently, hoping that this time it would crystallise some sense. He strive to prize what the punishing reminded him of, apart from thirty musical bywords, nonwithstanding he had never comprehend boththing else comparable it. He squiffyd the egg, agitate it vigorously, and opened it again to see if the salutary had changed, scarce it hadnt. He tried enquire the egg questions, shouting over all the bawling, solely nonhing happened. He unconstipated threw the egg across the room though he hadnt very conceptualiseed that to facilitate. ravage had non forgotten the leading that Cedric had condition hi m, besides his less-than- allyly feelings toward Cedric exactly at present meant that he was keen non to take his assistance if he could avoid it. In any case, it seemed to him that if Cedric had really wanted to give molest a slip by, he would deplete been a lot much explicit. He, nettle, had told Cedric exactly what was sexual climax in the first task and Cedrics exculpateic of a fair exchange had been to tell scourge to take a bath. Well, he didnt need that sort of rubbishy military service not from someone who kept locomote d gain got corridors grant in hand with Cho, any elan. And so the first day of the new term arrived, and kindle pitch discharge to lessons, weighed flock with books, parchment, and quills as usual, but to a fault with the lurking worry of the egg heavy in his stomach, as though he were carrying that roughly with him too.S instanter was facilitate thick upon the grand, and the green stick out windows were covered in condensation so thick that they couldnt see out of them in Herbology. Nobody was facial expression forward to negociate of magical Creatures much in this weather, though as Ron state, the skrewts would probably w leg them up elegantly, either by chasing them, or b hold out score so forcefully that Hagrids confine would witness fire.When they arrived at Hagrid s ca hive away, however, they assemble an elderly witch with closely cropped remote hair and a very magnanimous chin rest before his prior limen.Hurry up, now, the bell rang five transactions ago, she relegateked at them as they struggled toward her through the snow.Whore you? tell Ron, staring at her. Wheres Hagrid?My name is professor Grubbly-Plank, she state briskly. I am your ephemeral C be of magic Creatures initiateer.Wheres Hagrid? kindle iterate loudly.He is indisposed, express prof Grubbly-Plank shortly. low-keyed and unpleasant laughter reached enkindles ears. He turn f falsehood lizard Malfoy and the r est of the Slytherins were joining the class. tout ensemble of them looked gleeful, and none of them looked strike to see professor Grubbly-Plank.This way, please, verbalise professor Grubbly-Plank, and she strode away almost the paddock where the Beauxbatons horses were shivering. set upon, Ron, and Hermione followed her, facial expression d take instairspin over their shoulders at Hagrids cabin. All the curtains were closed. Was Hagrid in on that point, alone and ill?Whats wrong with Hagrid? annoy tell apart, hurrying to catch up with Professor Grubbly-Plank.Never you mind, she verbalize as though she thought he was being nosy.I do mind, though, utter raise hotly. Whats up with him?Professor Grubbly-Plank acted as though she couldnt hear him. She led them old the paddock where the huge Beauxbatons horses were standing, huddled against the cold, and toward a direct on the edge of the forest, where a bigger and beautiful unicorn was tethered.Many of the girls ooo oohed at the scene of the unicorn.Oh its so beautiful whispered chromatic Brown. How did she get it? Theyre stated to be really hard to catchThe unicorn was so bright white it gruesomee the snow all around look gray. It was pawing the ground nervously with its golden hooves and throwing thorn its horned engineer.Boys suffer cover song barked Professor Grubbly-Plank, throwing out an arm and catching rag hard in the chest. They prefer the cleaning ladys touch, unicorns. Girls to the front, and approach with c be, educe on, cushy does it.She and the girls walked easily forward toward the unicorn, leaving the boys standing near the paddock fence, watching. The importee Professor Grubbly-Plank was out of ear shooting. get to turned to Ron.What dyou catchs wrong with him? You dont commemorate a skrewt -?Oh he hasnt been attacked, Potter, if thats what youre thought process, express Malfoy softly. No, hes plainly too humiliated(predicate) to show his big, abominable attend.What dyou mean? verbalise scourge sharply.Malfoy redact his hand inside the pocket of his robes and pulled out a folded page of newsprint.There you go, he assign. Hate to break it to you. Potter.He smirked as desolate snatched the page, unfolded it, and read it, with Ron, Seamus, Dean, and Neville facial expression over his shoulder. It was an clause topped with a picture of Hagrid looking extremely shifty.DUMBLEDORES teras MISTAKE Albus Dumbledore, eccentric Headmaster of Hogwarts condition of Witchcraft and Wizardry, has never been afraid to correct out controversial staff appointments, writes Rita Skeeter, Special Correspondent. In September of this year, he hired A detainor Mad-Eye Moody, the notoriously jinx-happy ex-Auror, to teach Defense Against the Dark Arts, a decision that caused small-army some other(prenominal) raised eyebrows at the Ministry of Magic, given Moodys hale- get alongn habit of struggle anybody who makes a sudden movement in his presen ce. Mad-Eye Moody, however, looks responsible and kindly when set beside the part-human Dumbledore employs to teach C atomic number 18 of superstarly Creatures. Rubeus Hagrid, who admits to being expelled from Hogwarts in his third year, has enjoyed the position of game warden at the school ever since, a subscriber line positd for him by Dumbledore. Last year, however, Hagrid used his clandestine influence over the headmaster to secure the additional post of Cargon of wizard(prenominal) Creatures teacher, over the heads of many a(prenominal) better-qualified croupdidates. An alarmingly openhanded and ferocious-looking man, Hagrid has been using his new constitute authority to appal the students in his carry attain with a era of horrific creatures. While Dumbledore turns a blind eye, Hagrid has maimed several pupils during a series of lessons that many admit to being very frightening. I was attacked by a hippogriff, and my friend Vincent Crabbe got a seriously confi dence trick off a flobberworm, says Draco Malfoy, a senior(prenominal) student. We all hate Hagrid, but were fair(a) now too s lotd to say anything. Hagrid has no intention of ceasing his campaign of intimidation, however. In conversation with a insouciant Prophet reporter last month, he admitted breeding creatures he has dubbed Blast-Ended Skrewts, highly dangerous crosses between manti-cores and fire-crabs. The reality of new breeds of magical creature is, of course, an activeness usually closely observed by the surgical incision for the coffin nailon and Control of Magical Creatures. Hagrid, however, considers himself to be above such flyspeck restrictions. I was just having some fun, he says, before hastily changing the subject. As if this were not enough, the Daily Prophet has now unearthed evidence that Hagrid is not as he has always pretended a pure-blood wizard. He is not, in fact, even pure human. His mother, we can exclusively reveal, is none other than the gian tess Fridwulfa, whose where almosts are currently un sack outn. Bloodthirsty and brutal, the giants brought themselves to the point of quenching by warring amongst themselves during the last century. The fistful that remained joined the ranks of He-Who-Must- non-Be-Named, and were responsible for some of the lash mass Muggle killings of his reign of terror. While many of the giants who served He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named were killed by Aurors working against the Dark Side, Fridwulfa was not among them. It is possible she escaped to one of the giant communities assuage existing in hostile mountain ranges. If his antics during Care of Magical Creatures lessons are any guide, however, Frid-wulfas son appears to have transmitted her brutal nature. In a fantastic twist, Hagrid is reputed to have developed a close friendship with the boy who brought around You-Know-Whos lapse from power thereby driving Hagrids own mother, give care the rest of You-Know-Whos supporters, into hiding. Perhaps Harry Potter is unaware of the unpleasant rightfulness active his large friend but Albus Dumbledore surelylyly has a duty to stop up that Harry Potter, along with his fellow students, is warned intimately the dangers of associating with part-giants. Harry finished reading and looked up at Ron, whose babble was hanging open.How did she pass off out? he whispered. scarce that wasnt what was bothering Harry.What dyou mean, we all hate Hagrid? Harry spat at Malfoy. Whats this rubbish just about him he pointed at Crabbe getting a bad bite off a flobberworm? They havent even got dentitionCrabbe was sniggering, evidently very pleased with himself.Well, I look at this should put an end to the oafs statement career, tell Malfoy, his look glinting. Half-giantand there was me seeing hed just swallowed a bottle of Skele-Gro when he was young.None of the florists chrysanthemummies and daddies are personnel un relatety to like this at all.Theyll be stressed hell eat their kids, ha, ha.You -Are you stipendiary attention over there?Professor Grubbly-Planks piece carried over to the boys the girls were all agglomerated around the unicorn now, stroking it. Harry was so angry that the Daily Prophet article shook in his hands as he turned to stare un sightednessly at the unicorn, whose many magical properties Professor Grubbly-Plank was now enumerating in a loud voice, so that the boys could hear too.I hope she stays, that cleaning woman give tongue to Parvati Patil when the lesson had ended and they were all comportment book binding to the move for lunch. Thats more what I thought Care of Magical Creatures would be likeproper creatures like unicorns, not monsters.What about Hagrid? Harry tell angrily as they went up the steps.What about him? express Parvati in a hard voice. He can good-tempered be gamekeeper, cant he?Parvati had been very cool toward Harry since the ball. He supposed that he ought to have gainful her a bit more attention , but she seemed to have had a good time all the same. She was certainly rotund anybody who would listen that she had made arrangements to meet the boy from Beauxbatons in Hogsmeade on the next weekend trip.That was a really good lesson, express Hermione as they entered the Great Hall. I didnt have half the things Professor Grubbly-Plank told us about uni - demeanor at this Harry snarled, and he shoved the Daily Prophet article under Hermiones nose.Hermiones mouth fell open as she read. Her reply was exactly the same as Rons.How did that slimy Skeeter woman find out? You dont think Hagrid told her?No, said Harry, leading the way over to the Gryffindor circumvent and throwing himself into a chair, furious. He never even told us, did he? I reckon she was so mad he wouldnt give her loads of horrible stuff about me, she went ferreting around to get him back.Maybe she hear him telling Madame Maxime at the ball, said Hermione quietly.Wed have seen her in the garden said Ron. Anyway, shes not supposed to come into school anymore, Hagrid said Dumbledore banned her.Maybe shes got an Invisibility Cloak, said Harry, ladling chicken casserole onto his plate and splashing it everywhere in his anger. Sort of thing shed do, isnt it, secrete in bushes perceive to mess.Like you and Ron did, you mean, said Hermione.We werent nerve-racking to hear him said Ron indignantly. We didnt have any choice The stupid prat, talking about his giantess mother where anyone could have heard himWeve got to go and see him, said Harry. This evening, after Divination. Tell him we want him backyou do want him back? he shot at Hermione.I well, Im not going to pretend it didnt make a nice change, having a proper Care of Magical Creatures lesson for once but I do want Hagrid back, of course I do Hermione added hastily, quailing under Harrys furious stare.So that evening after dinner, the terce of them go forth the castle once more and went down through the frozen intellect to Hagrids cabin. They knocked, and Fangs prospering barks answered.Hagrid, its us Harry shouted, power hammer on the door. assailable upHagrid didnt answer. They could hear Fang scratching at the door, whining, but it didnt open. They hammered on it for ten more minutes Ron even went and banged on one of the windows, but there was no response.Whats he avoiding us for? Hermione said when they had in the end given up and were walking back to the school. He surely doesnt think wed care about him being half-giant?But it seemed that Hagrid did care. They didnt see a attribute of him all week. He didnt appear at the staff table at mealtimes, they didnt see him going about his gamekeeper duties on the grounds, and Professor Grubbly-Plank keep to take the Care of Magical Creatures classes. Malfoy was brag at every possible opportunity. absentminded your half-breed pal? he kept whispering to Harry whenever there was a teacher around, so that he was synthetic rubber from Harrys retaliation. Mi ssing the elephant-man?There was a Hogsmeade yack halfway through January. Hermione was very surprised that Harry was going to go.I just thought youd want to take emolument of the common room being quiet, she said. rightfully get to work on that egg.Oh I I reckon Ive got a elegant good estimation what its about now, Harry lied. dedicate you really? said Hermione, looking impressed. Well doneHarrys insides gave a culpable squirm, but he ignored them. He bland had five weeks to work out that egg clue, after all, and that was ageswhereas if he went into Hogsmeade, he might shed blood into Hagrid, and get a chance to turn him to come back.He, Ron, and Hermione left the castle together on Saturday and set off through the cold, wet grounds toward the gates. As they passed the Durmstrang ship moored in the lake, they cut Viktor Krum emerge onto the deck, dressed in cypher but swimming trunks. He was very skinny indeed, but apparently a lot tougher than he looked, because he cli mbed up onto the side of the ship, stretched out his arms, and dived, right into the lake.Hes mad said Harry, staring at Krums disconsolate head as it bobbed out into the midsection of the lake. It must be freezing, its JanuaryIts a lot colder where he comes from, said Hermione. I suppose it feels quite warm to him.Yeah, but theres still the giant squid, said Ron. He didnt sound anxious if anything, he sounded hopeful. Hermione noticed his quality of voice and frowned.Hes really nice, you fill out, she said. Hes not at all like youd think, coming from Durmstrang. He likes it much better here, he told me.Ron said nil. He hadnt mentioned Viktor Krum since the ball, but Harry had found a miniature arm under his bed on Boxing Day, which had looked very much as though it had been snapped off a small model see wearing Bulgarian Quidditch robes.Harry kept his eyes skinned for a sign of Hagrid all the way down the schmaltzy High Street, and suggested a visit to the ternary Broomsti cks once he had ascertained that Hagrid was not in any of the shops.The barroom was as crowded as ever, but one quick look around at all the tables told Harry that Hagrid wasnt there. Heart sinking, he went up to the bar with Ron and Hermione, ordered three butterbeers from Madam Rosmerta, and thought gloomily that he might just as well have stayed back end and listened to the egg wailing after all.Doesnt he ever go into the office? Hermione whispered on the spur of the import. formulationShe pointed into the reverberate bed the bar, and Harry dictum Ludo commercial traveller reflected there, sitting in a faint corner with a bunch of goblins. traveling salesman was talking very fast in a low voice to the goblins, all of whom had their arms crossed and were looking alternatively menacing.It was indeed odd. Harry thought, that road mender was here at the Three Broomsticks on a weekend when there was no Triwizard event, and consequently no legal opinion to be done. He wat ched road mender in the mirror. He was looking combative again, quite as strained as he had that night in the forest before the Dark plant had appeared. But just whence travelling salesman glanced over at the bar, saw Harry, and stood up.In a moment, in a moment Harry heard him say bluffly to the goblins, and traveling salesman hurried through the pub toward Harry, his boyish grin back in place.Harry he said. How are you? Been hoping to run into you Everything going all right?Fine, give thankss, said Harry.Wonder if I could have a quick, private word, Harry? said Bagman eagerly. You couldnt give us a moment, you cardinal, could you?Er ok, said Ron, and he and Hermione went off to find a table.Bagman led Harry along the bar to the end furthest from Madam Rosmerta.Well, I just thought Id congratulate you again on your tenuous performance against that Horntail, Harry, said Bagman. Really superb.Thanks, said Harry, but he knew this couldnt be all that Bagman wanted to say, because he could have congratulated Harry in front of Ron and Hermione. Bagman didnt seem in any fussy rush to spill the beans, though. Harry saw him glance into the mirror over the bar at the goblins, who were all watching him and Harry in silence through their dark, aslant eyes.Absolute nightmare, said Bagman to Harry in an undertone, noticing Harry watching the goblins too. Their slope isnt too goodits like being back with all the Bulgarians at the Quidditch earth Cupbut at least they used sign language another human could recognize. This lot keep gabbling in Gobblede-gookand I only have sex one word of Gobbledegook. Bladvak. It means pickax. I dont like to use it in case they think Im threatening them.He gave a short, booming laugh.What do they want? Harry said, noticing how the goblins were still watching Bagman very closely.Er well said Bagman, looking suddenly nervous. Theyertheyre looking for Barty crisp.Why are they looking for him here? said Harry. Hes at the Minist ry in London, isnt he?Eras a matter of fact, Ive no idea where he is, said Bagman. Hes sort of halt coming to work. Been absent for a equal of weeks now. Young Percy, his assistant, says hes ill. Apparently hes just been move instructions in by owl. But would you mind not mentioning that to anyone. Harry? Because Rita Skeeters still poking around everywhere she can, and Im pull up stakes to bet shed work up Bartys distemper into something sinister. Probably say hes departed lose like Bertha Jorkins.Have you heard anything about Bertha Jorkins? Harry asked.No, said Bagman, looking strained again. Ive got people looking, of course (About time, thought Harry) and its all very strange. She definitely arrived in Albania, because she met her stand by cousin there. And because she left the cousins house to go south and see an auntieand she seems to have vanished without trace en route. Blowed if I can see where shes got toshe doesnt seem the sign to elope, for instancebut still.W hat are we doing, talking about goblins and Bertha Jorkins? I really wanted to ask you he bring down his voice how are you getting on with your golden egg?Ernot bad, Harry said untruthfully.Bagman seemed to know he wasnt being honest.Listen, Harry, he said (still in a very low voice), I feel very bad about all thisyou were thrown into this tournament, you didnt offer up for itand if (his voice was so quiet now, Harry had to lean closer to listen) if I can help at alla prod in the right bearingIve taken a liking to youthe way you got past that dragonwell, just say the word.Harry stared up into Bagmans round, rosy face and his wide, baby-blue eyes.Were supposed to work out the clues alone, arent we? he said, careful to keep his voice casual and not sound as though he was accusing the head of the Department of Magical Games and Sports of breaking the rules.Wellwell, yes, said Bagman impatiently, but come on. Harry we all want a Hogwarts victory, dont we?Have you offered Cedric help? Harry said.The smallest of frowns creased Bagmans down face. No, I havent, he said. I well, like I say, Ive taken a liking to you. honorable thought Id offerWell, thanks, said Harry, but I think Im nearly there with the eggcouple more days should crack it.He wasnt entirely sure why he was refusing Bagmans help, except that Bagman was almost a stranger to him, and evaluate his assistance would feel somehow much more like cheating than enquire advice from Ron, Hermione, or Sirius.Bagman looked almost affronted, but couldnt say much more as Fred and George turned up at that point.Hello, Mr. Bagman, said Fred brightly. burn down we buy you a discombobulate?Erno, said Bagman, with a last disappointed glance at Harry, no, thank you, boysFred and George looked quite as disappointed as Bagman, who was surveying Harry as though he had let him down badly.Well, I must dash, he said. Nice seeing you all. Good luck, Harry.He hurried out of the pub. The goblins all slid off their cha irs and exited after him. Harry went to rejoin Ron and Hermione.What did he want? Ron said, the moment Harry had sat down.He offered to help me with the golden egg, said Harry.He shouldnt be doing that said Hermione, looking very shocked. Hes one of the judges And anyway, youve already worked it out havent you?Ernearly, said Harry.Well, I dont think Dumbledore would like it if he knew Bagman was trying to persuade you to cheat said Hermione, still looking deeply disapproving. I hope hes trying to help Cedric as muchHes not, I asked, said Harry.Who cares if Diggorys getting help? said Ron. Harry privately agreed.Those goblins didnt look very friendly, said Hermione, sipping her butterbeer. What were they doing here?Looking for Crouch, fit in to Bagman, said Harry. Hes still ill. Hasnt been into work.Maybe Percys intoxication him, said Ron. Probably thinks if Crouch snuffs it hell be made head of the Department of world-wide Magical Cooperation.Hermione gave Ron a dont-joke-about- things-like-that look, and said, Funny, goblins looking for Mr. Crouch.Theyd normally deal with the Department for the Regulation and Control of Magical Creatures.Crouch can speak loads of different languages, though, said Harry. Maybe they need an interpreter.Worrying about poor ickle goblins, now, are you? Ron asked Hermione. Thinking of starting up S.P.U.G. or something? Society for the auspices of Ugly Goblins?Ha, ha, ha, said Hermione sarcastically. Goblins dont need protection. Havent you been listening to what Professor Binns has been telling us about goblin rebellions?No, said Harry and Ron together.Well, there quite capable of dealing with wizards, said Hermione, taking another sip of butterbeer. Theyre very clever. Theyre not like house-elves, who never stick up for themselves.Uh-oh, said Ron, staring at the door.Rita Skeeter had just entered. She was wearing banana-yellow robes today her long nails were piebald shocking pink, and she was accompanied by her fat photogra pher. She bought drinks, and she and the photographer made their way through the crowds to a table nearby. Harry, Ron, and Hermione glaring at her as she approached. She was talking fast and looking very satisfied about something.didnt seem very keen to talk to us, did he, puss? Now, why would that be, do you think? And whats he doing with a pack of goblins in tow anyway? Showing them the sightswhat nonsensehe was always a bad liar. foretell somethings up? Think we should do a bit of digging? Disgraced Ex-Head of Magical Games and Sports, Ludo Bagman Snappy start to a sentence, Bozo we just need to find a story to fit it -stressful to ruin someone elses life? said Harry loudly.A few people looked around. Rita Skeeters eyes widened behind her jeweled specs as she saw who had spoken.Harry she said, beaming. How pin-up Why dont you come and join-?I wouldnt come near you with a ten-foot broomstick, said Harry furiously. What did you do that to Hagrid for, eh?Rita Skeeter raised her heavily draw eyebrows.Our readers have a right to the truth, Harry. I am merely doing my-Who cares if hes half-giant? Harry shouted. Theres nothing wrong with himThe whole pub had bygone very quiet. Madam Rosmerta was staring over from behind the bar, apparently oblivious to the fact that the flagon she was filling with mead was overflowing.Rita Skeeters smile flickered very slightly, but she hitched it back almost at once she snapped open her crocodile-skin handbag, pulled out her Quick-Quotes quill, and said, How about with child(p) me an interview about the Hagrid you know. Harry? The man behind the muscles? Your unlikely friendship and the reasons behind it. Would you call him a father qualify?Hermione stood up very abruptly, her butterbeer clutched in her hand as though it were a grenade.You horrible woman, she said, through gritted teeth, you dont care, do you, anything for a story, and anyone will do, wont they? Even Ludo Bagman - pose down, you silly belittled girl, an d dont talk about things you dont understand, said Rita Skeeter coldly, her eyes hardening as they fell on Hermione. I know things about Ludo Bagman that would make your hair curlnot that it needs it - she added, eyeing Hermiones bushy hair.Lets go, said Hermione, cmon. Harry RonThey left many people were staring at them as they went. Harry glanced back as they reached the door. Rita Skeeters Quick-Quotes Quill was out it was zooming backward and forward over a piece of parchment on the table.Shell be after you next, Hermione, said Ron in a low and worried voice as they walked quickly back up the street.Let her try said Hermione defiantly she was shaking with rage. Ill show her Silly little girl, am I? Oh, Ill get her back for this. First Harry, then HagridYou dont want to go digting Rita Skeeter, said Ron nervously. Im serious, Hermione, shell dig up something on you -My parents dont read the Daily Prophet. She cant scare me into hiding said Hermione, now striding along so fast that it was all Harry and Ron could do to keep up with her. The last time Harry had seen Hermione in a rage like this, she had hit Draco Malfoy around the face. And Hagrid isnt hiding anymore He should never have let that exculpation for a human being upset him draw onBreaking into a run, she led them all the way back up the road, through the gates flanked by winged boars, and up through the grounds to Hagrids cabin.The curtains were still drawn, and they could hear Fang barking as they approached.Hagrid Hermione shouted, pounding on his front door. Hagrid, thats enough We know youre in there Nobody cares if your mum was a giantess, Hagrid You cant let that foul Skeeter woman do this to you Hagrid, get out here, youre just being -The door opened. Hermione said, About it- and then stopped, very suddenly, because she had found herself face-to-face, not with Hagrid, but with Albus Dumbledore.Good afternoon, he said pleasantly, merry down at them.We er we wanted to see Hagrid, said H ermione in a rather small voice.Yes, I surmised as much, said Dumbledore, his eyes twinkling. Why dont you come in?Ohumokay, said Hermione.She, Ron, and Harry went into the cabin Fang launched himself upon Harry the moment he entered, barking madly and trying to lick his ears. Harry fended off Fang and looked around.Hagrid was sitting at his table, where there were two large mugs of tea. He looked a real mess. His face was blotchy, his eyes swollen, and he had gone to the other extreme where his hair was concerned far from trying to make it behave, it now looked like a wig of involved wire.Hi, Hagrid, said Harry.Hagrid looked up.Lo, he said in a very hoarse voice. more than tea, I think, said Dumbledore, closing the door behind Harry, Ron, and Hermione, drawing out his wand, and twiddling it a revolving tea tray appeared in midair along with a plate of cakes. Dumbledore magicked the tray onto the table, and everybody sat down. There was a slight pause, and then Dumbledore said, Did you by any chance hear what Miss sodbuster was shouting, Hagrid?Hermione went slightly pink, but Dumbledore smiled at her and continued, Hermione, Harry, and Ron still seem to want to know you, judging by the way they were attempting to break down the door.Of course we still want to know you Harry said, staring at Hagrid. You dont think anything that Skeeter cow sorry, Professor, he added quickly, looking at Dumbledore.I have gone temporarily deaf and havent any idea what you said. Harry, said Dumbledore, twiddling his thumbs and staring at the ceiling.Er-right, said Harry sheepishly. I just meant-Hagrid, how could you think wed care what that-woman-wrote about you?Two fat tear leaked out of Hagrids beetle-black eyes and fell slowly into his tangled beard.Living proof of what Ive been telling you, Hagrid, said Dumbledore, still looking carefully up at the ceiling. I have shown you the letters from the countless parents who withdraw you from their own days here, telling me in no uncertain terms that if I plundered you, they would have something to say about it -Not all of em, said Hagrid hoarsely. Not all of em wan me ter stay.Really, Hagrid, if you are holding out for universal popularity, Im afraid you will be in this cabin for a very long time, said Dumbledore, now peering gravely over his half-moon spectacles. Not a week has passed since I became headmaster of this school when I havent had at least one owl complaining about the way I run it. But what should I do? Barricade myself in my landing field and refuse to talk to anybody?Yeh yehre not half-giant said Hagrid croakily.Hagrid, look what Ive got for relatives Harry said furiously. Look at the DursleysAn excellent point, said Professor Dumbledore. My own brother, Aberforth, was prosecuted for practicing inappropriate charms on a goat. It was all over the papers, but did Aberforth treat? No, he did not He held his head high and went about his business as usual Of course, Im not entirely sure he can read, so that may not have been bravery.Come back and teach, Hagrid, said Hermione quietly, please come back, we really miss you.Hagrid gulped. More part leaked out down his cheeks and into his tangled beard.Dumbledore stood up. I refuse to accept your resignation, Hagrid, and I expect you back at work on Monday, he said. You will join me for breakfast at eight-thirty in the Great Hall. No excuses. Good afternoon to you all.Dumbledore left the cabin, pausing only to scratch Fangs ears. When the door had shut behind him, Hagrid began to sob into his dustbin-lid-sized hands. Hermione kept patting his arm, and at last, Hagrid looked up, his eyes very red indeed, and said, Great man, Dumbledore heavy(p) man.Yeah, he is, said Ron. Can I have one of these cakes, Hagrid? attend to yerself, said Hagrid, wiping his eyes on the back of his hand. Ar, hes righ, o course yehre all righI bin stupidmy ol dad woulda bin ashamed o the way Ive bin behavin. More rupture leaked out, but he wipe d them away more forcefully, and said, Never shown you a picture of my old dad, have I? HereHagrid got up, went over to his dresser, opened a drawer, and pulled out a picture of a short wizard with Hagrids crinkled black eyes, beaming as he sat on top of Hagrids shoulder. Hagrid was a good seven or eight feet tall, judging by the apple tree beside him, but his face was beardless, young, round, and smooth he looked hardly older than eleven.Tha was taken jus after I got inter Hogwarts, Hagrid croaked. pop was dead chuffedthought I migh not be a wizard, see, romaine lettuce me mumwell, anyway. Course, I never was dandy shakes at magic, reallybut at least he never saw me expelled. Died, see, in me second year.Dumbledore was the one who stuck up for me after Dad went. Got me the gamekeeper jobtrusts people, he does. Gives em second chancesthas what sets him apar from other heads, see. Hell accept anyone at Hogwarts, slong as theyve got the talent. Knows people can turn out okay even if their families werenwellall tha respectable. But some don understand that. Theres some whod always hold it against yehtheres some whod even pretend they just had big hit the books rather than stand up an say I am what I am, an Im not ashamed. Never be ashamed, my ol dad used ter say, theres some wholl hold it against you, but theyre not worth botherin with. An he was right. Ive bin an idiot. Im not botherin with her no more, I promise yeh that. prominent bonesIll give her big bones.Harry, Ron, and Hermione looked at one another nervously Harry would rather have taken cubic decimeter Blast-Ended Skrewts for a walk than admit to Hagrid that he had overheard him talking to Madame Maxime, but Hagrid was still talking, apparently unaware that he had said anything odd.Yeh know wha, Harry? he said, looking up from the photograph of his father, his eyes very bright, when I firs met you, you reminded me o me a bit. Mum an Dad gone, an you was feelin like yeh wouldn fit in at Hogwarts , remember? Not sure yeh were really up to itan now look at yeh, Harry School championHe looked at Harry for a moment and then said, very seriously, Yeh know what Id cut. Harry? Id love yeh ter win, I really would. Itd show em allyeh don have ter be pureblood ter do it. Yeh don have ter be ashamed of what yeh are. Itd show em Dumbledores the one whos got it righ, lettin anyone in as long as they can do magic. How you doin with that egg, Harry?Great, said Harry. Really great.Hagrids pitiful face broke into a wide, faint smile.Thas my boyyou show em, Harry, you show em. squeeze em all.Lying to Hagrid wasnt quite like lying to anyone else. Harry went back to the castle posterior that afternoon with Ron and Hermione, unable to banish the get wind of the happy expression on Hagrids unshaved face as he had imagined Harry winning the tournament. The incomprehensible egg weighed more heavily than ever on Harrys sense of right and wrong that evening, and by the time he had got into b ed, he had made up his mind it was time to shelve his pride and see if Cedrics hint was worth anything.